Warning Signs of Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases

1. High blood pressure
   
    
2. Protein and/or blood in the urine
   
    
3. Creatinine and BUN blood tests outside the normal range*
   
    
4. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 90**
   
    
5. More frequent urination, particularly at night; difficult or painful urination
   
    
6. Puffiness around eyes, swelling of hands and feet
   
    

* BUN and creatinine are wastes that build up in the blood when your kidney function is reduced.

** GFR (a measure of kidney function) is estimated from a blood creatinine test. In some people, a GFR of 60 to 89 may be normal.

See also in this A-Z guide:

• Interstitial Cystitis
• Urinary Tract Infections